Data management

• Integrated spreadsheet (pop-up) with 16384 columns and up to 100000 rows.
• Correct handling of missing data.
• Outliers can easily be excluded.
• Built-in WYSIWYG text editor.
• Imports Excel, Excel 2007, SPSS, DBase and Lotus files, and files in SYLK, DIF or plain text format.
• Easy selection of subgroups for statistical analysis.

Documentation

• Comprehensive help file.
• Manual in PDF format (go to download area).
• Complete HTML manual on MedCalc web site.
• Context help in dialog boxes.

ROC curve analysis

• Area under the curve (AUC) with standard error, 95% confidence interval, P-value. Offers choice between methodology of DeLong et al. (1988) and Hanley & McNeil (1982 1983).
• List of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and positive and negative predictive values for all possible threshold values.
• ROC curve graph with 95% Confidence Bounds.
• Threshold values can be selected in an interactive dot diagram with automatic calculation of corresponding sensitivity and specificity.
• Plot of sensitivity and specificity versus criterion values.
• Interval likelihood ratios.
• Comparison of up to 6 ROC curves: difference between the areas under the ROC curves, with standard error, 95% confidence interval and P-value.
• Sample size calculation for area under ROC curve and comparison of ROC curves.
• Go to the ROC curve analysis section of the MedCalc manual for more information on ROC curve analysis in MedCalc.

Graphs

• Lots of graphs.
• Data point identification in graphs.
• Name, save and recall graphs and statistics.
• Statistical info in graph windows.

Statistical features

• Summary statistics, including averages, standard deviation, median, percentiles, etc.
• Tests for Normal distribution: chi-square test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, D'Agostino-Pearson test
• Outlier detection
• Histogram and cumulative frequency graphs with option of superimposed plot of the Normal distribution
• Normal plot
• Dot plot
• Box-and-whisker plot
• Correlation, rank correlation (Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau), and scatter diagram
• Simple regression and scatter diagram with choice of 5 different equations for approximating curve (including parabola), residuals plot
• Stepwise multiple regression
• Stepwise logistic regression
• One sample t-test, independent samples t-test (incl. correction for unequal variances - Welch test) and paired samples tests
• Rank sum tests: signed rank sum test (one sample), Mann-Whitney test (independent samples), Wilcoxon test (paired samples)
• Variance ratio test (F-test)
• One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Levene's Test for Unequal Variances, and Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test for pairwise comparison of subgroups
• Two-way analysis of variance and post-hoc multiple comparisons
• Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and post-hoc multiple comparisons
• Repeated measures analysis of variance
• Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc multiple comparisons
• Friedman test and post-hoc multiple comparisons
• Frequencies table, crosstabulation analysis, Chi-square test, Chi-square test for trend (Cochran-Armitage test)
• Tests on 2x2 tables: Fisher's exact test, McNemar test
• Cochran's Q test and post-hoc multiple comparisons
• Frequencies bar charts
• Kaplan-Meier survival curve, logrank test for comparison of survival curves, hazard ratio, logrank test for trend
• Cox proportional-hazards regression
• Meta-analysis: odds ratio (random effects or fixed effects model - Mantel-Heinszel method); summary effects for continuous outcomes; Forest plot
• Reference interval (normal range) (CLSI C28-A3)
• Analysis of Serial measurements with group comparison
• Bland & Altman plot for method comparison (bias plot) - repeatability
• Mountain plot
• Deming regression (method comparison)
• Passing & Bablok regression (method comparison)
• Inter-rater agreement: Kappa and Weighted Kappa
• Intraclass correlation coefficient
• Concordance correlation coefficient
• Cronbach's Alpha
• Responsiveness
• Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, sensitivity and specificity (with 95% confidence interval), likelihood ratios, predictive values. Methods of DeLong et al. (1988) and Hanley & McNeil (1982, 1983).
• Interval likelihood ratios
• Comparison of up to 6 ROC curves (with pairwise comparison of the area under the ROC curves, with 95% confidence interval and P-value)
• Interactive dot diagram for selection of threshold values
• Significance of difference between means, percentages and between correlation coefficients
• 95% Confidence Interval for a rate, comparison of rates
• Different data comparison graphs, lines, bars, error bars (1 SD, 2 SD, 1 SEM, 95% CI, percentile ranges, etc.)
• Multiple box-and-whisker plots
• Notched box-and-whisker plots for pairwise comparison of medians
• Dot and line diagram (ladder plot)
• Quality control chart
• Youden plot
• Comparison of proportions
• Odds ratio, relative risk, number needed to treat (NNT)
• Sampling: calculation of sample sizes